Steel-Concrete Composite Column Database

This page describes a database of experimental tests on circular and rectangular concrete-filled steel tube and steel-reinforced concrete beams, columns, and beam-columns. The database is primarily intended to be used in the validation of analytical models and design procedures. The database was created and is maintained by Mark Denavit's research group at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville with significant contributions by Zheng Zhou and Morgan Jenkins. The database and associated MATLAB files are available for download at github (browse - download zip). Please contact Mark Denavit with any comments, corrections, additions, suggestions, or if you are interested in the original reports.

Scope

The data is separated based on cross section type:

• CCFT

  - circular concrete-filled steel tubes

• RCFT

  - rectangular concrete-filled steel tubes

• SRC

  - steel-reinforced concrete

and member type:

• C+PBC

  - Columns and proportionality loaded beam-columns

• Beams

  - Members subjected primarily to bending moment without axial load

• Other

  - Members subjected to axial load and bending moment but not falling in the other categories

• Other section types (such as hollow tubes, sandwich tubes, and members with stiffeners)
• Other types of loading (such as primarily shear or torsion)
• Cyclically loaded specimens
• Special member types (such as curved members)
• Specimens with sustained or long-term loading
• Specimens loaded such that the member strength is not obtained (such as push-out tests, connection tests, load not applied to the full composite cross section, strength not achieved due to limitations in the testing equipment)
• Specimens with a portion of the cross section preloaded
• Specimens with stainless steel
• Specimens with expansive or fiber-reinforced concrete

The current count of specimens in the database is:

CCFT_C+PBC

RCFT_C+PBC

SRC_C+PBC

CCFT_Beams

RCFT_Beams

CCFT_Other

RCFT_Other

Fields

General Information

• Author

  - Author of the original reference

• Year

  - Publication year of the original reference

• Specimen

  - Name of the specimen given in the original reference

• Tags

  - Extra information about the tests, Tags include:

  • Greased

  • LightweightConcrete

  • WeldFailure

• Notes

  - Miscellaneous additional information

Section Data

• Fy, Fy_units

  - Measured yield stress of the steel shape and associated pressure units

• Fu, Fu_units

  - Measured ultimate stress of the steel shape and associated pressure units

• fc, fc_type, fc_units

  - Measured concrete compressive strength, test type, and associated pressure units. Test types include:

  • Cylinder

  • Cube

Section Data Specific to CCFT Members

• D, D_units

  - Measured outside diameter of the steel tube and associated length units

• t, t_units

  - Measured thickness of the steel tube and associated length units

Section Data Specific to RCFT Members

• B, B_units

  - Measured width of the steel tube and associated length units

• H, H_units

  - Measured height of the steel tube and associated length units

• t, t_units

  - Measured thickness of the steel tube and associated length units

• SteelTubeType

  - Type of steel tube used for the specimen. Tube types include:

  • ColdFormed

  • WeldedBox

Section Data Specific to SRC Members

• B, B_units

  - Measured overall width of the composite cross section and associated length units

• H, H_units

  - Measured overall height of the composite cross section and associated length units

• shapeName

  - Name of the embedded steel shape

• d, d_units

  - Measured depth of the embedded steel shape and associated length units

• tw, tw_units

  - Measured thickness of the web of the embedded steel shape and associated length units

• bf, bf_units

  - Measured width of the flange of the embedded steel shape and associated length units

• tf, tf_units

  - Measured thickness of the flange of the embedded steel shape and associated length units

• config_longitudinal

  - Configuration of the longitudinal reinforcement. Configurations include:

  • 2x-2y

• db, db_units

  - Measured diameter of the longitudinal reinforcing bars and associated length units

• Fylr, Fylr_units

  - Measured yield stress of the longitudinal reinforcing steel and associated pressure units

• config_lateral

  - Configuration of the lateral reinforcement. Configurations include:

  • none

  • ties

• dbTies, dbTies_units

  - Measured diameter of the lateral reinforcing bars and associated length units

• s, s_units

  - Measured center-to-center spacing of the lateral reinforcing bars and associated length units

• Fytr, Fytr_units

  - Measured yield stress of the lateral reinforcing steel and associated pressure units

• cover, cover_units

  - Measured concrete cover measured from the center of the longitudinal reinforcement to the outside face of the composite cross section and associated length units

Member Data

• BendingAxis

  - "strong" or "weak" depending on the axis of bending of the specimen
  • Not included for CCFT, which are symmetric
  • Typically listed as "strong" for Square CFT

Member Data Specific to Columns and Proportionally-Loaded Beam-Columns (C+PBC)

• L, L_units

  - Measured length of the member and associated length units

• Pexp, Pexp_units

  - Maximum load from the experiment and associated force units

• d_at_Pexp, d_at_Pexp_units

  - Lateral deformation at the mid-height of the column when the maximum load (

  Pexp

  ) is obtained

• et, et_units

  - Load eccentricity at the top of the column and associated length units

• eb, eb_units

  - Load eccentricity at the bottom of the column and associated length units. Left blank if et = eb

Member Data Specific to Beams

• Mexp, Mexp_units

  - Maximum bending moment from the experiment and associated moment units

Member Data Specific to Other

• KL, KL_units

  - Measured effective length of the member and associated length units

• Pexp, Pexp_units

  - Measured axial load at limit point from the experiment and associated force units

• M1exp, M1exp_units

  - Maximum first-order bending moment at the limit point from the experiment and associated moment units

• M2exp, M2exp_units

  - Maximum second-order bending moment at the limit point from the experiment and associated moment units

Specimen Notes

Prior to 1990

• Klöppel & Goder 1957 - 46 CCFT C+PBC
  • Original report is in German, the listed data are taken from Knowles & Park (1970).
• Salani & Sims 1964 - 17 CCFT C+PBC
• Stevens 1965 - 57 SRC C+PBC
  • Some data taken from Aho & Leon (1997)
• Chapman & Neogi 1966 - 18 Total (16 CCFT C+PBC, 2 RCFT C+PBC)
  • Original report is unavailable, the listed data are taken from Knowles & Park (1970).
  • Knowles & Park applied a factor of 0.8 to the concrete strength to convert for the cube strength given in the original report. Thus,

    fc_type

    is listed as

    cylinder

    .
• Furlong 1967 - 52 Total (8 CCFT C+PBC, 5 RCFT C+PBC, 22 CCFT Other, 17 RCFT Other)
  • Specimen names were not given in the original report, the listed names were created for this database.
  • The length of the specimens was described as "short" in the original report. For the column specimens, the length was taken from Knowles & Park (1970). For the beam-column specimens, the length was taken from Task Group 20, SSRC (1979).
• Gardner & Jacobson 1967 - 24 CCFT C+PBC
• Gardner 1968 - 19 CCFT C+PBC
• Knowles & Park 1969 - 27 Total (17 CCFT C+PBC, 10 RCFT C+PBC)
  • Specimen names were not given in the original report, the listed names were created for this database.
  • The concrete strength for each specimen was not listed in the original report. For the column specimens, the concrete strength was taken from Knowles & Park (1970). For the beam-column specimens, an average value of 6000 psi was used.
• Neogi et al. 1969 - 18 CCFT C+PBC
• Guiaux & Janss 1970 - 24 CCFT C+PBC
• Anslijn & Janss 1974 - 39 SRC C+PBC
  • Some data taken from Aho & Leon (1997)
• Roderick & Loke 1975 - 18 SRC C+PBC
  • The steel shapes have a slope on the inner flange surfaces.
  • Data for strong axis specimens taken from Aho & Leon (1997).
• Bridge 1976 - 4 RCFT C+PBC
• Zhong & Wang 1978 - 42 CCFT C+PBC
• Tomii & Sakino 1979 - 36 Total (8 RCFT C+PBC, 28 RCFT Other)
• Tang et al. 1982 - 67 CCFT C+PBC
  • Specimens only with the given concrete prism compressive strength were excluded, since the conversion relationship is not clear.
  • The specimen length with eccentricity was back-calculated through the slenderness ration specified in this paper.
• Zhong & He 1983 - 30 CCFT C+PBC
• Zhong 1983 - 23 CCFT C+PBC
  • The specimen length was back-calculated through the slenderness ration specified in this paper.
• Cai & Jiao 1984 - 45 CCFT C+PBC
  • Only specimens loaded on the entire composite cross section were included (i.e., loading type "B").
  • Specimen G-68 was excluded because it was constructed with two separate steel tubes.
• Cai & Di 1985 - 51 CCFT C+PBC
• Cai & Gu 1985 - 26 CCFT C+PBC
• Sakino et al. 1985 - 10 CCFT C+PBC
• Lin 1988 - 18 Total (6 CCFT C+PBC, 12 RCFT C+PBC)
  • The steel yield stress is not listed explicitly in the original report. It was computed from data given in the original report as 2.5 tonnes/cm^2.
• Shakir-Khalil & Zeghiche 1989 - 5 RCFT C+PBC
• Zhang 1989 - 19 RCFT C+PBC

1990s

• Shakir-Khalil & Mouli 1990 - 15 RCFT C+PBC
• Cai 1991 - 27 CCFT C+PBC
• Gu et al. 1991 - 10 CCFT C+PBC
• Luksha & Nesterovich 1991 - 10 CCFT C+PBC
• Masuo et al. 1991 - 10 CCFT C+PBC
  • Strength results are the mean value of 2 or 3 duplicate specimens.
• Sakino & Hayashi 1991 - 12 CCFT C+PBC
• Chen et al. 1992 - 7 SRC C+PBC
• Han et al. 1992 - 10 SRC C+PBC
• Rangan & Joyce 1992 - 9 CCFT C+PBC
• Grauers 1993 - 34 RCFT C+PBC

  • d_at_Pexp

    taken as mideccentricity at maximum load obtained from Method B minus the initial end eccentricity.
  • Results also reported in Cederwall et al. (1991).
• Bergmann 1994 - 6 Total (2 CCFT C+PBC, 4 RCFT C+PBC)
• Fujii 1994 - 15 CCFT C+PBC
• Kenny et al. 1994 - 6 CCFT C+PBC
• Lu & Kennedy 1994 - 12 RCFT Beams
• Prion & Boehme 1994 - 19 Total (6 CCFT C+PBC, 4 CCFT Beams, 9 CCFT Other)
• Han & Kim 1995 - 20 SRC C+PBC
• Ye 1995 - 15 SRC C+PBC
  • The steel shapes have a slope on the inner flange surfaces, the average flange thickness is listed.
  • Cover was assumed to be 25 mm.
  • Lateral reinforcing bars were assumed have a yield stress of 235 MPa.
• Matsui & Tsuda 1996 - 48 Total (24 CCFT C+PBC, 24 RCFT C+PBC)
• Han 1997 - 9 CCFT C+PBC
• O'Shea & Bridge 1997a - 7 CCFT C+PBC
  • Includes only tests not listed in O'Shea & Bridge (2000).
• Wang & Moore 1997 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Schneider 1998 - 14 Total (3 CCFT C+PBC, 11 RCFT C+PBC)
• Kilpatrick & Rangan 1999 - 40 CCFT C+PBC
• Tan et al. 1999 - 16 CCFT C+PBC

2000s

• Han & Yan 2000 - 11 CCFT C+PBC
• Johansson et al. 2000 - 1 CCFT C+PBC
  • Strength results are the mean value of 3 similar specimens.
• O'Shea & Bridge 2000 - 38 CCFT C+PBC
  • Results also reported in O'Shea & Bridge (1997a,b).
• Uy 2000 - 25 Total (20 RCFT C+PBC, 5 RCFT Beams)
  • Specimens loaded on the steel only (HS5, HS11, NS5, NS11, and NS17) were excluded.
  • Eccentricity calculated from moment and axial load data.
• Varma 2000 - 12 Total (4 RCFT C+PBC, 8 RCFT Other)
• Yamamoto et al. 2000 - 21 Total (13 CCFT C+PBC, 8 RCFT C+PBC)
• Elchalakani et al. 2001 - 12 CCFT Beams
• Han et al. 2001 - 49 RCFT C+PBC
  • Member length was back-calculated from given equation for slenderness. The radius of gyration was assumed to be that of the gross cross section.
• Uy 2001 - 16 Total (13 RCFT C+PBC, 3 RCFT Beams)
  • Test type "Local buckling - axial" not included as the author has used that term previously to indicate steel only loaded tests.
  • Length only reported as "short", a length to depth ratio 3 is assumed.
• Yang et a. 2001 - 8 RCFT Beams
  • Moment is taken as when the strain of the compressin zone achieved 10000με.
• Ye 2001 - 68 RCFT Beams
• Han 2002 - 24 RCFT C+PBC
• Johansson & Gylltoft 2002 - 1 CCFT C+PBC
  • Strength results are the mean value of 3 similar specimens.
• Vrcelj & Uy 2002 - 8 RCFT C+PBC
  • The length of the stub column specimens is only reported as "short", a length to depth ratio 3 is assumed.
• Chen & Hikosaka 2003 - 17 CCFT C+PBC
• Gopal & Manoharan 2003 - 3 CCFT C+PBC
• Han & Yang 2003 - 4 RCFT C+PBC
• Han & Yao 2003a - 35 RCFT C+PBC
• Han & Yao 2003b - 7 CCFT C+PBC
• Liu et al. 2003 - 21 RCFT C+PBC
• Uenaka et al. 2003 - 3 CCFT C+PBC
• Fujimoto et al. 2004 - 65 Total (33 CCFT Other, 21 RCFT C+PBC, 11 RCFT Other)
• Ghannam et al. 2004 - 36 Total (12 CCFT C+PBC, 24 RCFT C+PBC)
• Gho and Liu 2004 - 12 RCFT Beams
• Giakoumelis & Lam 2004 - 13 CCFT C+PBC
• Guo et a. 2004 - 8 RCFT C+PBC
• Han 2004 - 16 RCFT Beams
• Han et al. 2004 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Han & Yao 2004 - 38 Total (22 CCFT C+PBC, 16 RCFT C+PBC)
• Lam & Williams 2004 - 15 RCFT C+PBC
• Mursi & Uy 2004 - 8 Total (4 RCFT C+PBC, 4 RCFT Other)
• Sakino et al. 2004 - 84 Total (36 CCFT C+PBC, 48 RCFT C+PBC)
• Shang 2004 - 12 Total (6 RCFT C+PBC, 6 RCFT Beams)
• Wheeler & Bridge 2004 - 4 CCFT Beams
• Zhang et al. 2004a - 8 RCFT C+PBC
• Zhang et al. 2004b - 24 RCFT C+PBC
• Chen et al. 2005 - 3 RCFT C+PBC
• Guo et al. 2005 - 10 RCFT C+PBC
• Liu 2005 - 22 RCFT C+PBC
• Tao et al. 2005 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Zhang et al. 2005a - 8 Total (4 CCFT C+PBC, 4 RCFT C+PBC)
• Zhang et al. 2005b - 5 RCFT C+PBC
• Guo 2006 - 17 RCFT C+PBC
• Han et al. 2006 - 36 Total (18 CCFT Beams, 18 RCFT Beams)
• Zhang et al. 2006 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Every vaule is taken as the average value of the three identical specimens.
• Lue et al. 2007 - 22 RCFT C+PBC
  • Specimens in each group were renamed to better distinguish.
• Tao et al. 2007 - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Yu et al. 2007 - 6 CCFT C+PBC
• Zhang & Guo 2007 - 26 RCFT C+PBC
• Cai et al. 2007 - 4 RCFT C+PBC
• Long et al. 2008 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Yu et al. 2008 - 28 Total (14 RCFT C+PBC, 14 CCFT C+PBC)
• Tao et al. 2008b - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Cai et al. 2009 - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Chitawadagi & Narasimhan 2009 - 9 CCFT Beams
• Liew & Xiong 2009 - 3 CCFT C+PBC

2010s

• Liu et al. 2010 - 6 RCFT Beams
• Probst et al. 2010 - 1 CCFT Beams
  • Includes only the one specimen loaded to failure in first direction.
• Zhang et al. 2010 - 2 CCFT C+PBC
• Fong et al. 2011 - 2 Total (1 RCFT C+PBC, 1 RCFT Other)
• Han et al. 2011 - 6 Total (4 CCFT C+PBC, 2 RCFT C+PBC)
• Huang et al. 2011a - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Huang et al. 2011b - 3 RCFT C+PBC
• Lee et al. 2011 - 11 CCFT C+PBC
• Muciaccia et al. 2011 - 16 CCFT C+PBC
• Portolés et al. 2011 - 32 CCFT C+PBC
• Chen 2012 - 4 RCFT C+PBC
  • Strength results for specimen AA-48 are the mean value of 2 similar specimens.
• Dundu 2012 - 24 CCFT C+PBC
• Hernández-Figueirido et al. 2012a - 32 RCFT C+PBC
  • Includes only tests not listed in Hernández-Figueirido et al. (2012b).
• Hernández-Figueirido et al. 2012b - 36 RCFT C+PBC
• Yang and Han 2012 - 4 Total (2 RCFT C+PBC, 2 CCFT C+PBC)
• Chang et al. 2013 - 3 CCFT C+PBC
• Guler et al. 2013 - 7 CCFT C+PBC
• Portolés et al. 2013 - 9 CCFT C+PBC
• Qu et al. 2013 - 9 RCFT C+PBC
• Ding et al. 2014 - 3 RCFT C+PBC
• Liu 2014 - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Liu et al. 2014 - 4 RCFT C+PBC
• Yang et al. 2014 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Aslani et al. 2015 - 12 RCFT C+PBC
• Karmazínová 2015 - 16 CCFT C+PBC
  • Specimens in each group were renamed to better distinguish.
• Du et al. 2016a - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Du et al. 2016b - 8 RCFT C+PBC
• Dundu 2016 - 27 RCFT C+PBC
• Ekmekyapar & AL-Eliwi 2016 - 18 CCFT C+PBC
• Ma et al. 2016 - 3 CCFT C+PBC
  • The legnth of the specimens was not reported. The length was assumed to be 3 times the diameter.
• Wang et al. 2016 - 8 CCFT C+PBC
• Ye et al. 2016 - 2 CCFT C+PBC
• Zhu et al. 2016 - 3 CCFT C+PBC
• Chen et al. 2017 - 18 CCFT C+PBC
• Ding et al. 2017 - 2 RCFT C+PBC
• Du et al. 2017 - 12 RCFT C+PBC
• Guler et al. 2017 - 9 RCFT Beams
• Khan et al. 2017a - 39 RCFT C+PBC
• Khan et al. 2017b - 16 RCFT C+PBC
• Lee et al. 2017 - 3 RCFT C+PBC
• Li et al. 2017 - 6 RCFT Beams
• Liu et al. 2017 - 1 RCFT Beams
• Romero et al. 2017 - 2 CCFT C+PBC
• Wang et al. 2017a - 12 CCFT C+PBC
• Wang et al. 2017b - 36 CCFT C+PBC
• Wu et al. 2017 - 4 CCFT Beams
• Xiong et al. 2017a - 27 Total (12 CCFT C+PBC, 15 RCFT C+PBC)
• Xiong et al. 2017b - 9 Total (6 CCFT C+PBC, 3 RCFT C+PBC)
• Xiong et al. 2017c - 4 Total (1 CCFT Beams, 3 RCFT Beams)
• Zhu et al. 2017 - 6 RCFT C+PBC
• Ding et al. 2018 - 16 RCFT C+PBC
• Ibañez et al. 2018 - 16 Total (10 CCFT C+PBC, 6 RCFT C+PBC)
• Nghiem et al. 2018 - 4 CCFT Beams
• Wu et al. 2018 - 6 RCFT Beams
• Lee et al. 2019 - 3 RCFT C+PBC
• Li et al. 2019 - 4 RCFT Beams
  • Strength is moment at 0.01 strain in the steel. Greater strength was achived but not reported.
• Zhou et al. 2019 - 3 RCFT C+PBC

2020s

• Hu et al. 2020 - 1 RCFT C+PBC
• Huang et al. 2020 - 18 Total (16 RCFT C+PBC, 2 RCFT Beams)
• Wei et al. 2020 - 20 CCFT C+PBC
• Li et al. 2021 - 24 RCFT C+PBC
• Tu et al. 2021 - 8 CCFT C+PBC
• Luo et al. 2022 - 7 CCFT C+PBC
• Wang et al. 2022 - 14 RCFT Beams
• Gao et al. 2023 - 8 RCFT C+PBC
  • Individual strengths of specimens SC-200-A-1, SC-200-A-2, SC-200-B-1, and SC-200-B-2 obtained from correspondence with the authors.
• Liu et al. 2023 - 8 CCFT C+PBC
  • Individual strengths of specimens CC-275-A1, CC-275-A2, CC-275-B1, and CC-275-B2 obtained from correspondence with the authors.

Other Databases

Many other researchers have compiled databases of experimental work on steel-concrete composite columns. Selected references to these other databases are listed below.

• Task Group 20, SSRC 1979
• Aho and Leon 1997
• Kim 2005
  • This database is an update to the Aho and Leon (1997) database.
• Goode 2008
• Gourley et al. 2008
• Tao et al. 2008a

References

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